6. OTHER OPERATING EXPENSE, NET

Litigation expenses and accruals for legal contingencies generally represent legal and professional fees incurred in litigation as well as estimates for loss contingencies with regards to certain vendor disputes and litigation matters. In the periods

presented, substantially all of these costs represent litigation costs incurred in connection with certain patent infringement lawsuits.

Provision for credit losses primarily related to a revised estimate of the payments to be received from an insolvent customer.

The transaction costs for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025 represent legal and professional fees incurred for strategic initiatives.

Severance charges relate to the departure of certain highly-compensated employees.

(Gain) loss on disposal of assets, net consists of gains and losses on the sale of excess property, early equipment disposals and other asset dispositions.

Supply commitment charges for the three and six months ended June 30, 2024, represent charges related to contractual inventory purchase commitments to certain proppant suppliers.